Introduction
Imagine this: you’ve spent countless hours clearing land, tilling the soil, and dreaming of a lush corn field teeming with deer, turkey, and other wildlife. But when harvest time rolls around, your food plot yields are disappointing, and the animals you hoped to attract are nowhere to be found. What went wrong? Often, the culprit is improper planting, and the solution lies in choosing the right corn planter for the job.
Food plots are an invaluable tool for wildlife management, providing supplemental food sources and crucial habitat. Of the many crops that can be planted, corn reigns supreme in the hearts (and stomachs) of wildlife managers. Deer crave its high-energy kernels, turkeys devour the scattered grains, and waterfowl flock to flooded cornfields in the winter. A well-established corn food plot can transform your property into a wildlife haven.
However, simply scattering corn seed across the ground is a recipe for failure. Optimal growth requires proper seed depth, spacing, and soil contact – factors that are difficult to control without the right equipment. That’s why selecting the correct corn planter is crucial for maximizing yields and attracting wildlife to your food plot. This article will guide you through the key considerations and planter types to help you make the best decision, ensuring your efforts translate into a thriving wildlife habitat.
Why Corn is a Great Food Plot Choice
Corn’s appeal to wildlife stems from its exceptional nutritional value. These golden kernels are packed with carbohydrates, providing animals with the energy they need to survive harsh winters and thrive during breeding season. The high starch content makes corn a particularly attractive food source during periods of increased energy demand, such as the rut for deer or the pre-migration fattening period for waterfowl.
Beyond its nutritional benefits, corn is simply irresistible to a wide range of animals. White-tailed deer are drawn to the sweet, starchy taste of corn kernels, while wild turkeys relish the opportunity to scratch and peck for scattered grains. Waterfowl, particularly mallards and Canada geese, are naturally drawn to flooded cornfields, where they can easily access this valuable food source. Squirrels, raccoons, and even black bears will also partake in the bounty of a corn food plot.
Another advantage of corn is its longevity. Unlike some other food plot crops that quickly decompose or get eaten down, corn stalks can stand tall throughout the winter, providing a sustained food source when other options are scarce. Standing corn also offers valuable cover for wildlife, providing shelter from harsh weather and protection from predators. This combination of food and cover makes corn an exceptionally beneficial food plot choice.
The Challenges of Planting Corn in Food Plots
Planting corn in food plots presents unique challenges compared to large-scale agricultural operations. Food plots are typically much smaller in scale, ranging from a fraction of an acre to a few acres at most. This smaller size necessitates equipment that is more maneuverable and easier to operate in tight spaces.
Many food plotters lack access to the large, expensive machinery used in commercial farming. This limitation often requires them to rely on smaller, more affordable implements that can be pulled behind tractors, ATVs, or UTVs. Finding a planter that is both effective and compatible with existing equipment is a key consideration.
Precise seed placement is absolutely critical for successful corn germination and growth. Planting seeds too shallow can lead to poor root development and increased susceptibility to drought. Planting too deep can prevent seedlings from emerging at all. Maintaining consistent spacing between seeds is also important to prevent overcrowding and ensure that each plant has access to adequate resources.
Proper corn planting also sets the stage for effective weed control. By establishing a uniform stand of corn, you can create a competitive environment that suppresses weed growth. A well-planted corn food plot will be more resistant to weed infestations and require less herbicide application.
Types of Corn Planters for Food Plots
Several types of corn planters are well-suited for food plot applications, each with its own set of advantages and disadvantages. Let’s explore some of the most popular options:
No-Till Drills and Planters
No-till drills and planters are designed to plant seeds directly into untilled soil or existing vegetation. These implements use a combination of coulters and openers to cut through surface residue, create a seed furrow, deposit the seed, and then close the furrow.
The primary advantage of no-till planting is its ability to minimize soil disturbance. This helps to prevent erosion, conserve soil moisture, and improve soil health. No-till planting is particularly beneficial in areas with heavy thatch, erosion-prone soils, or those practicing conservation tillage.
The main disadvantage of no-till drills and planters is their cost. These implements tend to be more expensive than other types of planters. They also require a higher horsepower tractor to operate effectively. Examples of no-till drills and planters include those from Great Plains and Land Pride. Tine drills can also work, depending on the ground cover.
Single-Row and Two-Row Planters (Tractor-Mounted)
Single-row and two-row planters are smaller, more maneuverable planters that attach to a tractor’s three-point hitch. These planters typically require tilled soil for optimal performance. They use a row unit with a disc opener, seed meter, and closing wheels to plant seeds at the desired depth and spacing.
These planters are generally more affordable than no-till drills and easier to maneuver in tight spaces. They are well-suited for smaller food plots and those on a budget. However, they do require soil preparation, which can increase the time and effort required for planting. Examples of single-row and two-row planters include those from Plotmaster and Precision Products.
ATV and UTV-Mounted Planters
ATV and UTV-mounted planters are designed to be pulled behind all-terrain vehicles or utility vehicles. These planters are highly maneuverable and ideal for small, remote food plots. They are often more affordable than tractor-mounted planters.
However, ATV and UTV-mounted planters typically have a limited planting capacity. They may also require some degree of soil preparation, depending on the model and soil conditions. These planters are best suited for very small plots, remote locations, and those who do not have access to a tractor. Moultrie and Wildgame Innovations offer several ATV/UTV-mounted planter options.
Hand Seeders and Broadcasters (Not Recommended for Corn)
While hand seeders and broadcasters are the lowest cost option for planting, they are highly inefficient and unreliable for planting corn. These tools scatter seeds across the surface of the soil, making it difficult to control seed depth and spacing. Germination rates are typically low, and weed competition is high. Hand seeders and broadcasters are simply not recommended for planting corn in food plots.
Key Considerations When Choosing a Corn Planter
Selecting the right corn planter requires careful consideration of several factors:
Plot Size
The size of your food plot will significantly impact your planter choice. For very small plots, an ATV/UTV-mounted planter may suffice. For larger plots, a tractor-mounted planter or no-till drill will be more efficient.
Soil Type
Different soil types require different planter configurations. Sandy soils drain quickly and may benefit from deeper planting. Clay soils retain moisture and may require shallower planting. Loam soils, a mixture of sand, silt, and clay, are generally the easiest to plant in.
Tractor/ATV/UTV Horsepower and Hitch Compatibility
It is essential to ensure that your planter is compatible with your vehicle’s horsepower and hitch type. Check the planter’s specifications to determine the required horsepower and hitch compatibility.
Budget
Corn planters range in price from a few hundred dollars for a basic ATV/UTV-mounted planter to several thousand dollars for a high-end no-till drill. Determine your budget and choose a planter that fits your financial constraints.
Planting Depth and Spacing Adjustability
Adjustable planting depth and spacing are crucial for optimizing corn growth. Different corn varieties may require different planting depths. Adjustable spacing allows you to fine-tune the plant population to maximize yields.
Ease of Use and Maintenance
Choose a planter that is easy to use and maintain. Consider factors such as calibration, cleaning, and parts availability. A planter that is easy to operate will save you time and frustration in the field.
No-Till Capabilities
If you are interested in no-till planting, be sure to choose a planter that is specifically designed for no-till applications. These planters are equipped with features that allow them to cut through existing vegetation and plant seeds directly into the soil.
Tips for Successful Corn Planting
Even with the right planter, successful corn planting requires attention to detail:
Soil Testing
Conduct a soil test to determine the nutrient levels in your soil. Amend the soil as needed to provide the optimal growing conditions for corn.
Seed Selection
Choose a corn variety that is well-suited for your region and the wildlife you are trying to attract. Consult with your local extension agent or seed dealer for recommendations.
Fertilization
Apply fertilizer according to the recommendations of your soil test. Corn is a heavy feeder, so adequate fertilization is essential for maximizing yields.
Weed Control
Implement a weed control program to minimize competition from weeds. This may involve pre-emergent herbicides, post-emergent herbicides, or a combination of both.
Calibration
Calibrate your planter before planting to ensure that it is delivering the correct amount of seed. Follow the manufacturer’s instructions for calibration.
Maintenance and Storage of Your Corn Planter
Proper maintenance and storage will extend the life of your corn planter:
Cleaning
Clean your planter after each use to remove dirt, debris, and plant residue.
Lubrication
Lubricate all moving parts regularly to prevent rust and wear.
Storage
Store your planter in a dry, sheltered location to protect it from the elements.
Conclusion
Choosing the right corn planter is an investment that will pay dividends in the form of higher yields, increased wildlife attraction, and a more rewarding food plot experience. By carefully considering the factors outlined in this article, you can select the planter that best suits your individual needs and budget. Whether you opt for a no-till drill, a tractor-mounted planter, or an ATV/UTV-mounted planter, remember that proper planting techniques and ongoing maintenance are essential for achieving optimal results. A well-planted corn food plot can be a game-changer for wildlife attraction and management, transforming your property into a haven for the animals you love to observe and hunt. Take the time to research your options, choose wisely, and watch your food plot flourish.
