Understanding What Doves Crave: Their Dietary Needs
The flash of wings, the report of the shotgun echoing across a sun-drenched field, and the satisfying retrieve – dove hunting is a cherished tradition for many, particularly in the South. But beyond the camaraderie and the thrill of the chase, a successful dove hunt hinges on attracting these swift, challenging birds to your property. The key ingredient? A well-planned and expertly executed dove food plot.
A dove food plot, simply put, is a dedicated area planted with crops specifically designed to attract and sustain doves. These plots provide a reliable and abundant food source, drawing doves in and keeping them coming back throughout the hunting season and beyond. In a world where habitat is increasingly fragmented and natural food sources are dwindling, providing a consistent food source becomes not just about hunting success, but also about contributing to dove populations and overall wildlife conservation.
This article will explore the world of dove food plots, diving into the best plant options, the planting techniques that yield the greatest results, and the management strategies that will keep your plot thriving. We’ll navigate regional considerations to ensure your efforts are perfectly tailored to your local climate and soil. Get ready to transform your property into a dove hunting paradise.
Before you rush out to buy seed and fire up the tractor, it’s essential to understand what doves are actually looking for in a food plot. Doves are primarily seed-eaters, with seeds making up the vast majority of their diet. However, they also consume insects, especially young doves, and require grit to help them digest their food.
The ideal dove food plant possesses a few key characteristics. First and foremost, seed size is crucial. Doves prefer small, easily digestible seeds that they can quickly gather from the ground. Palatability is also a factor; doves simply won’t be attracted to plants they don’t find tasty. And of course, a plant that produces a high yield of seeds is a must for attracting a significant number of birds. Finally, a plant that naturally shatters, meaning the seeds readily fall to the ground as they mature, is ideal. Doves prefer to feed on seeds that are already on the ground rather than having to actively peck them from the plant.
Remember that the best plants for your dove food plot will depend on your specific region. Factors like climate, soil type, and the length of the growing season will all influence which plants will thrive and provide the most benefit to the doves.
Top Plants to Transform Your Property Into a Dove Magnet
Let’s take a look at some of the most effective plant choices for creating a dove food plot that will have doves flocking to your property.
The Sunflower: A Classic Choice
The sunflower, scientifically known as Helianthus annuus, is arguably the most popular and recognizable dove food plot plant. Several varieties exist, including the black oil sunflower and the gray stripe sunflower.
Sunflowers are highly attractive to doves, offering a high seed yield that can sustain a large population. They are also relatively easy to grow, making them a great choice for both experienced and novice plotters. However, they can be susceptible to pests and diseases, and they require a significant amount of space to reach their full potential.
When planting sunflowers, ensure the soil is well-drained and fertile. Consider a soil test to determine any nutrient deficiencies and amend accordingly. A seeding rate of several pounds per acre is generally recommended. Fertilization can significantly boost seed production, but be sure to follow the recommendations based on your soil test.
Millet: Quick Growth and Abundant Seeds
Millet is another excellent option for dove food plots, offering several advantages over sunflowers. Various species of millet are available, including browntop millet, proso millet, and Japanese millet, each with slightly different characteristics.
Millet is known for its rapid growth, allowing you to establish a food plot quickly. It’s also relatively drought-tolerant, making it a good choice for areas with limited rainfall. Millet produces a good amount of seed and matures quickly, providing a food source relatively early in the season.
While not quite as universally attractive as sunflowers, millet is still a very effective dove attractant. One potential drawback is that some millet varieties can be invasive in certain areas, so be sure to choose a variety that is well-suited to your region.
Planting millet is relatively straightforward. Timing is crucial; plant after the last frost when the soil has warmed up. Broadcasting the seed and lightly disking it into the soil is a common method. Soil requirements are not overly demanding, but good drainage is essential.
Sorghum: Drought Tolerance and Ground Cover
Sorghum, scientifically Sorghum bicolor, is another valuable option to consider. Both grain sorghum and milo are common varieties used in dove food plots.
Sorghum shines in its drought tolerance, making it ideal for drier climates. It also boasts a high seed yield and provides good cover for doves, offering them protection from predators. However, the taller stature of sorghum can sometimes make it more difficult for doves to access the seeds, potentially requiring mowing to make the seeds more accessible.
When planting sorghum, ensure the soil is well-drained. Fertilization can significantly improve yields. Controlling weeds is also essential, as sorghum can be slow to establish and is vulnerable to competition from weeds.
Wheat: A Reliable and Versatile Choice
Wheat, or Triticum aestivum, is a widely used and relatively inexpensive option for dove food plots. It’s easy to establish and provides valuable green forage early in the season. It can also serve as a nurse crop for other, more desirable dove food plants, providing them with protection and support as they establish.
However, wheat isn’t as inherently attractive to doves as some other options when planted alone. Its seeds also tend to degrade relatively quickly, reducing their availability to doves over time.
Planting wheat is straightforward. Timing is crucial, as it’s typically planted in the fall. A seeding rate of around one hundred pounds per acre is generally recommended. Fertilization can help to boost growth and seed production.
Other Options to Consider
While sunflowers, millet, sorghum, and wheat are among the most popular choices, other plants can also be incorporated into your dove food plot. Corn can be used, although it’s generally less preferred by doves than the previously mentioned options. Sesame is another possibility, offering a unique seed that doves enjoy. Buckwheat is a fast-growing option that can quickly provide cover and attract insects.
Don’t underestimate the value of native grasses and weeds. Ragweed, for example, is a favorite food source for doves and can often be managed within the food plot rather than eradicated. Learning to identify and manage beneficial native plants can significantly enhance the attractiveness and value of your dove food plot.
Planting for Success: Management Strategies
Selecting the right plants is only half the battle. Proper planting and ongoing management are essential for ensuring your dove food plot thrives and effectively attracts doves.
Site Selection and Preparation: Laying the Groundwork
Choose a site that receives ample sunlight. Most dove food plot plants require at least six hours of direct sunlight per day. Conduct a soil test to determine the pH and nutrient levels of your soil. Amend the soil as needed to ensure it’s suitable for the plants you’ve chosen. Controlling weeds before planting is crucial to give your desired plants a head start.
Planting Techniques: Timing is Everything
Timing is critical for success. Plant your dove food plot plants at the optimal time for your region, taking into account the growing season and the expected dove migration patterns. Follow recommended seeding rates and methods for each plant species. Broadcasting the seed or using a drill are common methods. Ensure the seeds are planted at the correct depth to promote germination.
Ongoing Management: Keeping Your Plot Thriving
After planting, continue to monitor your food plot for weeds and pests. Take action as needed to control these threats. Fertilization may be necessary to maintain optimal growth and seed production. If possible, consider irrigating your food plot, especially during dry periods.
Legal Considerations: Understanding the Rules
Always be aware of state and federal regulations regarding baiting and agricultural practices. Consult with your local wildlife agency to ensure your dove food plot complies with all applicable laws. Ignoring these regulations can result in fines and other penalties.
Mowing and Manipulation: Making Seed Available
Mowing or disking portions of the dove food plot is a crucial step in making seeds readily available to doves. Time this manipulation strategically, based on local regulations and dove migration patterns. Mowing can expose seeds that would otherwise be hidden under plant debris.
Enhancing Your Dove Plot: Little Extras That Make a Big Difference
Creating a truly outstanding dove food plot involves more than just planting the right crops. Several other factors can enhance its attractiveness and effectiveness.
A clean water source nearby is a major draw for doves. Consider adding a pond, creek, or even a simple water trough to provide doves with a reliable source of water.
Doves need grit to help them digest their food. Providing a source of grit, such as crushed limestone or oyster shells, can further enhance your food plot.
Nearby trees and shrubs provide essential roosting cover for doves. Consider planting trees and shrubs strategically to provide these vital habitat elements.
Consider the location of your food plot in relation to flyways and other habitat features. Placing your food plot in an area that doves naturally frequent can significantly increase its success.
Planting in strips or blocks can create a more diverse and attractive habitat for doves. This approach can also make it easier to manage different plant species.
Common Mistakes to Avoid
Avoid the common pitfalls that can derail even the best-intentioned dove food plot efforts.
Planting too late in the season is a frequent mistake that can result in poor seed production. Neglecting proper soil preparation can also limit the success of your food plot. Inadequate weed control can allow weeds to outcompete your desired plants. Ignoring legal regulations can lead to serious consequences. Failing to manipulate the plot by mowing or disking can prevent doves from accessing the seeds.
Conclusion: Building Your Dove Hunting Dream
Creating the perfect dove food plot requires careful planning, a solid understanding of dove food preferences, and diligent management. By choosing the right plant species, implementing effective planting techniques, and providing essential habitat elements, you can transform your property into a dove hunting paradise. Don’t forget to prioritize safety and adherence to local hunting laws.
Now is the time to begin planning your dove food plot. The satisfaction of seeing your efforts pay off as doves flock to your property is a reward in itself. So, grab your seed, get your hands dirty, and get ready to experience the thrill of the hunt in a food plot you’ve created. The successful dove hunter is not only a sportsman but also a steward of the land. The hard work you invest in creating the perfect habitat for these birds will not only enhance your hunting experience but also contribute to the health and vitality of local wildlife populations.
